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Barrier Methods AdviceBarrier methods of birth control such as diaphragms, cervical caps and shields are available by prescription and they work by covering the cervix so the sperm cannot enter the uterus and fertilize an egg. These devices must be used with a spermicidal cream, gel or foam to be completely effective and prevent pregnancy. While barrier methods are not as effective as oral contraceptives, patches or injections, they are a great alternative for individuals who cannot or do not want to use hormonal forms of birth control. While all barrier methods block the sperm from entering the cervix, the three types have different designs. The diaphragm is a rubber disc that is shaped like a dome with a flexible rim. It fits securely into the vagina to cover the cervix but since it must fit correctly in order to be effective, your doctor must measure you to find the right size. The cervical cap is a soft rubber cup with a round rim that fits snugly on the cervix but is smaller than a diaphragm. The FemCap is the only cervical cap that is currently available in the United States and it is made of silicone. It stays in place through the support of the vaginal wall and a suction hold while also coming with a strap for easy removal. Similarly to the diaphragm, it must be sized for your cervix and your doctor will be able to determine which one is right for you. The cervical shield is a dome shaped disc that is made of silicone. It holds itself on the cervix through suction by venting trapped air between your cervix and the shield through a one way valve on the shield. The only one available is Lea’s Shield and it also comes with a strap for removal. However, it has a one size fits all design which means your doctor does not need to fit you for a specific size. To correctly use the barrier methods of birth control, you need instruction and practice. Your doctor should be able to show you to insert and remove the device that you have chosen. Before intercourse, the spermicide is applied to the device and then it is inserted deep inside the vagina so that it fully and securely protects the cervix. To effectively protect against pregnancy, the device must be left in for a specified amount of time after intercourse but removed within a certain amount of time to guard against infection. A diaphragm must be left in place for 6 hours after intercourse and removed within 24 hours; a FemCap must be left in for 6 hours after intercourse and removed within 48 hours; and Lea’s Shield must be left in for 8 hours after intercourse and removed within 48 hours after intercourse. After removing the barrier birth control device, wash it with soap and warm water and then place it back in its original container in a cool, dry place. Before every usage, you should inspect it for small holes or weak spots by filling it with water or holding it up to light. Because all barrier devices wear out, you should replace your diaphragm or cervical cap after one to two years and a cervical shield should be replaced every six months. In addition, you may need to be fitted with a new diaphragm or cervical cap if you have had: a full term pregnancy, abdominal or pelvic surgery, significant weight gain or loss or a miscarriage or abortion after 14 weeks of pregnancy. |
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